Shank and cutter tips for pulverizers



' i "1P 6 Feb. 22 1927. 5,0 11,0

J. L. 'HILLER S'HANK AND CUTTER TIPS FOR PULVERIZERS Filed July 28. 19194 Sheets-Sheet. 1

5 FAQZ Y 4 1 I l 2 Z q 2 2C Z 4 WITNESS: IN V EN TOR.

. JOSEPH L. Hum

ATTORNEY.

Y M BY/4M/- J. L. HILLER Feb. 22 1927.

SHANK AND CUTTER TIPS FOR PULVERIZERS Filed July 28. 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet2 Y INVENTOR. "JOSEPH L. HILLER I l i n I v l I I a l l l l l I I l l ll I I l I l l l l l ll klli. ll llll Ill-\ A TTORNE Y.

22 1927. 1,618,826 Feb ,J. L. HILLER v SHANK AND CUTTER TIPS FORPULVERIZERS Filed July 28. 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 YINVENTOIR.

JOSEPH L. HILLER BY co/w A TTORNE Y.

Feb. 22 1927.

4 J. L. HILLER swarm AND CUTTER TIPS FOR PULVERIZERS Filed July 28. 19194 Sheets-Sheet 4 I N VENTOR.

Patented Feb. 22, 1927. V

JOSEPH L. KILLER, OF MATTAPOISETT,.MASSACI-IUSETTS.

SHANK AND CUTTER TIPS FOR PULVERIZERS.

Application filed July 28,

This invention relates to shanks and cutter tips combining to formcutters, beaters or hammers for shredders, pulverizers and crushingmachines.

The construction according to the invention herein set forth isapplicable to various types of swing hammer cr'ushers, and especially toall pulverizers of the rotary beater type which are employed in finecrushing or pulverizing or in machines the product of which it isdesired to maintain of uniform quality or, in operation, requiring {harpcutting orcrushing members.

This invention is a distinct improvement in that branch of the artin'which Patent No. 1,197,026 was granted to me on September 5, 1916.The relativelylight weight of the renewable cutter and the ease ofmanufacture, within extremely close limits of weight, makes thisinvention especially favorable for use in connection with balancedrotors.

The object of the invention is to decrease the operating costs of themachines such as may use the shanks and cutter tips herein disclosed.This is done by providing a form of cutting member which is especiallyef'lcient because of the acute angle of the cut ting edge, because theentire renewable cutting member is of light weight securely held, yeteasily changed and because of the extensive efiective cut-ting andcrushing edges in proportion to the volume of the cutting member.

The cutter tips consist of the six sturdy edges of a tetrahedron andpresent twelve face edges each identical and, in a new cutter, any oneis equally available for work. Each face edge as it becomes worn may besuccessively succeeded by one of the other twelve face edges which havenot seen service, until all have been utilized.

The cutter tip herein shown is made the subject of a. separateapplication and is specifically claimed in my application, Serial No.344;,90 l filed Dec. 15, 1919, entitled Cutter tips.

Coupled with the efficient utilization of the renewable cutter tips isthe holding arrangement which provides, for the cutter, a securemounting which is at once rugged, simple, permits the self-adjustment ofthe cutter and is quick to operate.

The shape of the cutter is adapted for be- 1919. Serial No. 313,782.

ing. perfectly supported and perfectly locked. The solid support of theholder on three sides of the cutting member provides the ideal threepoint bearing of reliability and the clamping against the fourth sidemakes a perfectly balanced clamping arrangement.

The cutting member is extremely. simple and cheap to manufacture, isadapted to be readily made either as a drop forging as a casting or tobe out from rolled bars, thus combining the possibilities of lowmanufacturing costs with the utilization of the various metals havingthose qualities best adapted to make them particularly succesful foreach particular requirement.

In short, the tetrahedral form of cutter tip, because of the favorableangle of its ed es, their great length in proportion to its volume,their universalutility, the perfect security of its seating andclamping, yet per.- mitting its instant introduction to service, itsinstant change from one edge to another or its instant-removal andbecause of the protection which it afiords to the holding members andall coupled with its low cost of pro duction, forces the conclusion thatsince it functions so ideally in each of so many offices, that it iswell adapted to its use in a cutter tip.

An embodiment of the invention is disclosed in the drawings. Fig. 1shows a view of the combined shank with cutter tips, wedge and clampingring as it appears in a plane parallel with the rotation ofthe beater.

Fig'Q-is a front view of Fig. 1 and shows the surfaces which arepresented to the work.

Fig. 3 is also aview of the invention shown in the plane of rotation.The cutter clamping wedge is here shown of a form to protect the beatershank from wear.

Fig. dis a front view of the working face of this beater. I

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line A B shown in In Fig. 6, whichis av sectional view taken on line CD of '3, the holding member is shownin transverse section, it. is attached to shank 1 byv means of the hook5 and is connectedto the slide 3 by means of the hook 6, the looped endsof the spring passing over the hooks.

Fig. 7 illustrates a View of the cutter-tip looking perpendicular to twoof its equal edges.

Fig. 8 illustrates another view of the cutter tip, looking at same in aline perpendicular to one of its four equilateral triangular faces, saidface being obscured by the three oblique faces in the foreground.

Fig. 9 illustrates in perspective a shank 1, a clamping member 3 and aspring 4 all being assembled and a cutter tip 2 di engaged from theshank recess where normally it is seated.

Fig. 10 illustrates a completely assembled beater, in perspective.

Fig. 11 represents the application of the invention to a crushingmachine rotor with the several shanks and cutter tips arranged in theirnormal'operating position.

Fig. 12 is an end View of the rotor shown in Fig. 11, except that therotor is assumed to be at rest, and is intended to illustrate the effectof the shoulders 8 upon the axial rotation of the shank permittinggreater deflection, from its normal radial operating position, in onedirection than in the other. This construction allows the device when inservice to yield freely to pass uncrushable mate rial while, byrestraining axial rotation in the other direction, a more nearlybalanced condition of the rotor is attained, while the rotor is at rest.This condition is an advantage in starting the rotor from its positionof rest. In clamping the cutting member 2 into the recess of the holderor shank 1, a very simple wedge 3 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is used whichis held in position by the screw clamping ring 4. It will be noted thatcentrifugal force in acting upon the wedge 3 which bears against thecutter 2 in the plane 2 22 and the clamping ring 4: will tend to tightenthe grip upon the cutting member 2.

It will be understood by those conversant with the operation of finecrushing, swing hammer pulverizers that practically all the wear of thebeater takes place close to the edge which is radially farthest distantfrom the pivot point of the beater, from which it will be clear that theexposed edges of the cutter are sufficient for the work but that in timethere may be an appreciable reduction insize of the lower end of theforward side of the shank or beater, shown as wedge 3, and especiallyalong the edge which touches the exposed surface 2 -2 of cutting tip 2.

The wedge block 3 of Figs. 3, l, 5 and 6 is wide enough to protectfro-1n wear the shank 1 and may be cheaply renewed if required.Centrifugal force will normally hold the wedge block in position toclamp the cutter and will automatically take up any looseness which maydevelop during operation. As an additional precaution however, there isprovided a spring, shown in Figs. 3, l and 6, and

marked 4, (in Fig. 3 it is shown in dotted section, in Fig. 4 the ends,only, are shown, the body portion being omitted to avoid confusion.

To remove the renewable cutter either for a change to a new cutting edgeor to replace with a new member it is only necessary to slide the wedgeblock 3 free of the cutter when the latter may be easily removed.

The hole 7, in wedge block 3, is provided for receiving a hook, which istemporarily used in connection with changing the cutter, and which issecured at its other end in such relation to the hole 9 that when theshank is swung by hand on its pivot in said hole 9 the slide retractsand exposes the cutter for withdrawal.

Having described the invention as to its construction affecting its usein the operation of crushing and other reduction, I will set forth anovel functioning of this particular beater as affecting the generaleniciency of the machine with which it is employed. This further novelconstruction resides in the shoulders 8 which are so disposed inrelation to the pivot eye 9 that when the heater is mounted between therotor supporting discs the heater is permitted to swing in one directionbetween the .said discs, much as the blade of a jack knife closesbetween the sides of its handle, but which shoulders prevent the beaterfrom swinging in the other direction by contacting with the rotor discson either side of the heater, and thus holding the beater in anapproximately radial position, with reference to the rotor. This simplearrangement overcomes an annoying difficulty experienced in startingswing hammer reducing machines, especial y those which are driven byalternating current 1notors which have a low starting torque. hedifiiculty in starting the normal rotor is occasioned by the seriouslyunbalanced condi tion of the rotor employing the usual style of beaterwhich hangs downward, on both sides of the shaft, until sufficient speedis attained to hold the beater radial. by centrifugal action. 111machines using the heaters made in accordance with this inventioncertain of the heaters on the down running side of the rotor will beheld, by the shoulders, in approximately radial position and therebywill make the rotor easier to start than if they hung downward causing alower center of gravity in the rotor.

Another feature of some importance, because of its power saving feature,is the design of the beater with the cutting or beating edge farthestfrom the center of rotation with the following and supporting portion ofthe beater clearing the material in the machine and, therefore,materially reducing the frictional resistance of the rotor as comparedwithnormal beaters and the reversible types.

.. The light weight ofthe renawable cutter tips insures negligiblevariations in weight of these tips when manufactured by standing ofheaters which the heavier designs require.

Having described the characteristic fea; 'tures of this invention inwhlch the details .adapted to hold said crushing member in may be variedwithout departing from the spirit of the novel and important advanceswhich are shown inthe art, by the disclosures here made, I claim:

1. In a pulverizer cutter the combination of a shank, a tetrahedral tipand means for locking said tip with relation to said shank.

2. In a pulverizer cutter the combination of a holder shank, atetrahedral tip and a wedge member to clamp said tip in relation to saidshank.

3. In a pulverizer beater the combination of a shank having a recess inone end at apted to receive and support three sides of a tetrahedron, atip of tetrahedral form having a portion thereof located in said recess,a clamp for said tip slidable with relation to said shank and tip, andmeans adapted to hold said clamp against said tip for the pur-- 'pose ofsecuring said tip in relation to said shank.

4. In a rotary beater adapted for use in a pulverizer, the combinationof a tip receiving shank, a solid renewable tip having four sides andmeans for clamping said solid tip against said receiving shank.

5. In a rotary beater, a four-sided tip, a shank adapted to receive inattachment thereto said tip and a third member, said shank and said tipbeing adapted to be clamped together by the third member which inconjunction with said shank is adapted to support said tip on its foursides.

6. A pulverizer cutter consisting of a shank, a regular four sideddetachable cutter tip and means for attaching said four sided member tosaid shank.

7. A rotary beater, adapted for use in a pulverizer, consisting of ashank, a tetrahedral cutter tip, a wedge member and a ring for securingsaid wedge member in contact with said cutter tip and thereby clampingall of the said members together.

8. A rotary beater, adapted for use in a pulverizing machine, consistingof a shank, a cutter tip of tetrahedral form, a wedge member andclamping means for clamping said members together.

9. A rotary beater, adapted for use in a pulverizer, consisting of ashank, a cutter tip, a wedge member provided with screw threads and anut for engagement with said screw threads.

10. In a beater, adapted for use in a hammer pulverizer, a shank, aremovable'cutter tip, a'sliding member and a holding member all adaptedto' so'co-operate as to clampthe cutter tip in position for effectiveoperation.

11. In a beater, adapted for use in 'a hinged hammer crushing machinethe combination of a crushing member in' the form of a'tetrahedron, ashank having a recess adapted to receive and support three sides ofsaidcrushing member, a movable member contact. with shank on the saidthree sides.

In a heater, adapted for use inv a crusher rotor, a member adapted forhinged commotion to said crusl er rotor and providing a plurality ofsurfaces adapted to support removable crushing member, a removablecrushing member of tetrahedral form, and means for securing saidcrushing member to said member adapted for hinged connection.

18. A cutter, adapted for use in a shredding machine, consisting of ashank, a crushing member of tetrahedral form, a slide adapted forengagement with said shank and suitable for assistin in holdin saidcrushing member of tetrahedral form in position for shredding. Y

14. In a beater the combination of a holder having a recess near one endthereof adapted for the reception of the major po'r tion of a tip, and atip the major portion of which is adapted to engage said recess, andanother portion thereof being adapted to project outside of said recess,the said portion which is adapted to project outside of said recessbeing of greater width than the adjacent supporting portion of saidholder and thus adapted to protect from wear the said supporting portionof said holder.

15. A. rotary beater, for use in reducing machines, including atetrahedral member and means for connecting same in operable combinationwith the rotor of said reducing machine.

16. In a beater, for use in reducing machines, the combination of ashank, a wearing member separable from said shank, a slide adapted forclamping said wearing member, said slide being further adapted tooperate in clamping and unclamping said wearing member in the planedescribed by the rotation of said shank about its pivot mounting.

17. In a beater, for use in reducing machines, the combination of abeater having a pivoted end for attachment to the rotor of said reducingmachine, and an end With a wearing member therein, a slide adapted toclamp said wearing member in operable position, said slide being adaptedto receive a spring connection, and a spring for holding said slide inclamping position, said slide.

lie

being also adapted to Withdraw from its clamping position in a planedescribed by the swinging of the heater about its pivoted end.

18. A beater adapted for pivotal support in swing hammer mill rotorswith its principal plane perpendicular to its pivotal axis and providedwith a shoulder adapted to act as a stop in pivotal rotation of saidbeater, When mounted in said swing hammer mill rotor, said beater beingadapted to axially rotate, from its normal operating position, to agreater extent in one direction than in the opposite direction.

19. In a rotary beater, for use in reducing machines, the combination ofa shank, a Wearing member, and a clamping member tetrahedral form in theform of a slide, said slide presenting a greater Width in a planeperpendicular to the plane of rotation, than is presented by said shank.

20. Inv a rotary beater, for use in crushing machines, the combinationof a shank, a Wearing member and a clamping member, said clamping memberbeing adapted to present a greater Width in a plane perpendicular to theplane of rotation of said Shank than is presented by said shank adjacentto said clamping member and said clamping member thereby being adaptedin use to protect said shank from wear.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

JOSEPH L. rnLLns.

